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languages > English Grammar Short Notes Using the 80/20 Method > Sentence Structure

Sentence Structure

Objective: Learn how to construct basic sentences with correct word order.

Mastering sentence structure is essential for effective communication. Understanding the basic components and word order allows you to construct clear and grammatically correct sentences.

Introduction to Sentence Structure:

A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. Proper sentence structure ensures clarity and effective communication. In English, sentences typically follow a specific word order.

Basic Sentence Structure:

  1. Subject:
    • Definition: The main noun or pronoun that the sentence is about.
    • Example: The cat, She, The team of scientists.
  2. Verb:
    • Definition: The action or state of being in the sentence.
    • Example: runs, is playing, were discovered.
  3. Object:
    • Definition: The noun or pronoun that receives the action of the verb.
    • Example: the ball, a book, an interesting story.

Basic Sentence Types:

  1. Declarative Sentences:
    • Function: Make statements or express opinions.
    • Example: I love learning new things.
  2. Interrogative Sentences:
    • Function: Ask questions.
    • Example: Did you finish your homework?
  3. Imperative Sentences:
    • Function: Give commands or make requests.
    • Example: Close the door.
  4. Exclamatory Sentences:
    • Function: Express strong emotions.
    • Example: What a beautiful day!

Word Order in Sentences:

  1. Subject-Verb-Object (SVO):
    • The most common word order in English.
    • Example: The cat (subject) chased (verb) the mouse (object).
  2. Subject-Verb (SV):
    • Used in sentences without a direct object.
    • Example: She (subject) sings (verb) beautifully.
  3. Subject-Verb-Adverb (SVA):
    • Adds information about the verb.
    • Example: He (subject) speaks (verb) fluently (adverb).

Common Mistakes to Avoid:

  1. Misplacing Modifiers:
    • Ensure that words like adjectives and adverbs are placed next to the words they modify.
  2. Run-on Sentences:
    • Pay attention to sentence length and use appropriate punctuation.