Korean Conjunctions and Comparison Structures
conjunctions (그리고, 그래서) and comparison structures
1. 그리고 (And)
Use:
- To connect two related ideas or actions.
Example:
- 나는 밥을 먹었고, 그리고 공부했어요. (Naneun bab-eul meog-eossgo, geuligo gongbu haess-eoyo) – I ate and studied.
2. 그래서 (So/Therefore)
Use:
- To express a consequence or result.
Example:
- 비가 오기 시작했어, 그래서 우산을 가져 왔어요. (Biga ogi sijaghess-eo, geulaeseo usan-eul gajyeo wasseoyo) – It started raining, so I brought an umbrella.
3. 하지만 (But)
Use:
- To introduce a contrasting idea or action.
Example:
- 나는 커피를 좋아해. 하지만 차도 마시고 싶어. (Naneun keopi-eul joh-ahae. Hajiman chado masigo sip-eo) – I like coffee. But I also want to drink tea.
4. 또는 (Or)
Use:
- To present alternatives or choices.
Example:
- 저녁에는 떡볶이 또는 김밥을 먹을래요. (Jeonyeog-eneun tteokbokki tto-neun kimbab-eul meog-eullae-yo) – For dinner, I want to eat either tteokbokki or kimbap.
5. -아/어/여서 (Because/So/Therefore)
Use:
- To provide a reason or cause.
Example:
- 날씨가 좋아서, 나는 밖에 나갔어요. (Nalssiga joh-aseo, naneun bakke nagass-eoyo) – Because the weather is nice, I went outside.
6. 때문에 (Because of/Therefore)
Use:
- To indicate a cause-and-effect relationship.
Example:
- 일이 바빠서, 그녀는 늦게 왔어요. (Ili bappaseo, geunyeoneun neujge wasseoyo) – Because she was busy, she came late.
7. 비교 구조 (Comparison Structures)
Use:
- To compare two or more elements.
Examples:
- 나는 너보다 더 키가 크다. (Naneun neoboda deo ki-ga keuda) – I am taller than you.
- 이 책은 그 책만큼 재미있다. (I chaeg-eun geu chaeg-mankeum jaemi-issda) – This book is as interesting as that book.